Like it or not, all significant undertakings require a means to plan and budget for resources, and subsequently a financing proposal has to be approved by someone.

A common model for doing evaluation of IT projects is TotalCostOfOwnership.

''Hmm. I think there's rather more than one pattern in this area''
----
''... a means to plan and budget ...''

You mean BigDesignUpFront is appropriate for the finance function?