Java syntax is modelled after CeeLanguage, which is intended to promote programmer portability. Since CeeLanguage was set in 1972, improved syntaxes have been presented. Better syntax -> greater clarity, fewer lines of code. Fewer lines of code -> less writing, lower initial cost. Greater clarity -> lower maintenance cost. Lower cost -> more value. Look how well Python and C# (CsharpLanguage) have done. Java could do better. As a matter of fact, I think this is a key value that people are ignoring. It is much more important than this castings/cloneable stuff. ''Huh? CsharpLanguage also borrows its syntax from C.'' * I'm an old C guy. Frankly, I'm a lot happier in just about any language than Java. I think its syntax has improved since 1.5 ... but it's still a verbose and overblown piece of hacked on munge-bait. "Fewer lines of code" is particularly ridicuolous. Go learn RubyLanguage and WpFe and let java die its long overdue death. Even CeePlusPlusIsBetterThanJava. So there. -------- See also: IsBreakStatementArchaic, ItsTimeToDumpCeeSyntax