Scandinavian School of thought is a new general idea. Q: What is the general idea of this School of thought? I'm Interested! --Me also. It's listed on history of programming in this wiki Some references I've found for this below. -- GarryHamilton http://www.oopsla.org/2002/fp/files/spe-concepts.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BETA http://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/nygaard_5916220.cfm http://xavier.amatriain.net/Thesis/html/node20.html